Background Anxiety disorders are common psychiatric conditions affecting children and adolescents. Although cognitive behavioral therapy and selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors have shown efficacy in treating these disorders, little is known about ...

(No abstract is available for this citation)

Background Rare mutations affecting the FOXP2 transcription factor cause a monogenic speech and language disorder. We hypothesized that neural pathways downstream of FOXP2 influence more common phenotypes, such as specific ...

Britain's National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, known as NICE, is an independent, government-funded organization that advises the British National Health Service (NHS).1 Established in 1999, the institute has ...

September 2008 marked the beginning of a new federal program intended to promote the development of pharmaceutical products for so-called neglected diseases -- infectious diseases that disproportionately affect poor populations ...

A locus on chromosome 17 has previously been shown to be associated with susceptibility to asthma. This study shows that the association is specific to early-onset asthma (occurring at the age of 4 years or younger) in those exposed to environmental tobacco smoke in early life. The study implicates markers regulating at least two genes -- ORMDL3 and GSDML -- in determining susceptibility.

The authors have established a method for the analysis of gene expression in tissue specimens preserved in formaldehyde. The expression profile of tissue adjacent to primary hepatocellular carcinoma, rather than the cancer itself, is associated with late recurrence. This finding, together with other data, suggests that the late recurrences are actually second primary tumors.

In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, 52-week trial among postmenopausal women not receiving estrogen therapy, treatment with a patch delivering 300 {micro}g of testosterone per day resulted in a significant although modest increase in the 4-week frequency of satisfying sexual episodes (1.4 more episodes per month), but the women were also subject to more adverse events, including androgenic side effects.

The incidence of venous thromboembolic disease increases by a factor of four with pregnancy, and in developed countries pulmonary embolus is the leading cause of maternal death. This review provides guidance on the diagnosis and management of thromboembolic disease in pregnant women, including guidelines for the prophylactic use of anticoagulant agents in women at high risk during pregnancy and the puerperium.

A 57-year-old man presents to his primary care provider because he would like to quit smoking. A trial of varenicline, a partial agonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that has been shown to increase rates of smoking abstinence as compared with placebo, is recommended. In light of reports of neuropsychiatric side effects, including suicidal behavior, patients treated with varenicline should be closely monitored for behavioral symptoms.