转载：今天跟一女生聊天 内容如下：

我：知道武兰藤吗？

她：不知道。

我：知道苍井空吗？

她：不知道。

我：知道宋慧乔吗？

她：她也拍那个东西？ 

Sport in China

All that gold does not glitter
所有的金牌不再闪耀
Aug 21st 2008 | BEIJING
From The Economist print edition

Questioning a sporting triumph
质疑巨大的体育胜利

TO A surge of jubilant national pride China is poised for the first time to win more gold medals at the Olympics than any other country. For China’s leaders, the gold-medal haul is wonderful news after a grim few months that have seen crippling snow storms, upheaval in Tibet and a deadly earthquake. America, the sporting superpower, as been defeated.
全民狂欢席卷中国，因为他们第一次在奥运会上赢得了比其他国家更多的金牌。对于中国领导人来说，这无疑带来的是一个振奋的消息，自从雪灾造成瘫痪以后，西 藏的动乱和荼毒生灵的地震，使他们经历了严酷的几个月。美国，这个体坛超级霸主被击败了，



h Russia, third-ranking at the Athens Olympics in 2004, has been left in the dust. But some Chinese are openly questioning China’s route to Olympic triumph: unfettered investment by a gold-fixated government that controls the careers of athletes.
俄国，在雅典奥运会排列第三，现在早远远抛在后面。但是某些中国人开始公开质疑是中国安排了胜利，一个迷信金钱政府通过毫无节制的投资来控制了运动员的职业生涯。

By mid-week China was on course to top the gold-medal table by a comfortable margin (see chart). The state-controlled press has so far mostly avoided crowing (as indeed it should, if China’s huge population is taken into account—see table below). Officials have doggedly pretended that China cares more about promoting international friendship than about winning.
在本周中国按既定路线登上了金牌榜榜首，而且与后者还有相当的差距。国家通讯社尽量避免欢呼胜利（实际上他们应该庆祝，如果全国人民重视以后），官方违心的表示中国更注重推动国际友谊而不是去争夺金牌。

But the gold tally achieves a long-standing goal of Olympic supremacy. A few newspapers have already called the medal-count a symbol of the nation’s rise. Doubtless many others will join in when the games are over and tact allows.
不过金牌确实达到了长期追求的奥运强国的目标，一些新闻媒体已经说金牌是一个民族崛起的标志。游戏结束后无疑更多其他的媒体也会掺合进来，如果官方允许的话。

This year China is celebrating the 30th anniversary of the launch of the “reform and opening” policies that have swept away state controls over much of economic and cultural life. But the sporting system, modelled on the Soviet Union’s, has survived.
今年是中国庆祝改革开放推行30周年纪念年，这项措施把中国从国家控制经济和文化的困境中解放出来，但是这种苏联模式的体育管理体制，却残存了下来。

Under a regime known as juguo, or “whole nation”, the state identifies talented young children, puts them into special schools and, if they are good enough, employs them as athletes, with government-paid coaches. Juguo’s impact has become evident internationally only since China rejoined the International Olympic Committee in 1979 and competed five years later at the Soviet-boycotted Los Angeles games.
在一种祖国和全民为前提下，国家选拔高素质的年轻小孩，把他们送入特殊的学校，如果他们足够的好，国家聘用他们为专业运动员，配以国家雇佣的教练，祖国的影响变得越来越明显，自从中国在1979年重新加入奥运会和与苏联斗争了5年参加洛杉矶奥运会。

China’s gold-medal tally fell at Seoul in 1988, when the Soviet Union turned up, but has soared since then.Central planning in sports has its limitations. After the 2000 Olympics in Sydney China adopted a new strategy to maximise gold medals.
中国金牌数量在首尔下降，这时苏联崛起，但是从此灰飞烟灭了。中央高度控制体育运动有它的局限性。2000年悉尼奥运会后中国采取了新的策略以使金牌数量最大化。

It was dubbed “project 119” after the number of golds in China’s weakest sports: track-and-field, swimming and other water events such as rowing. The idea was to win more golds in these by pouring more state financing into them.
他实施了“119工程”使中国在最弱体育项目上金牌数量翻了一倍：田径，游泳和其他水上项目例如皮划艇。这个主意是通过国家投入更多的资金到这些项目上来以赢得更多的金牌。

The results have not been striking, so far anyway. In 2000 China won one gold in these sports. In 2004 it won four, and three so far this year. An injury forced China’s best hope for a gold on the track, Liu Xiang, to abandon his defence of his 110-metres hurdles title. Some Chinese media have described Mr Liu’s win in 2004 as a breakthrough for the yellow race in an event dominated by black people.
收效却不明显，在2000年中国只在这些项目中赢得一枚金牌。在2004年赢得四枚，目前只有三枚得到，在田径方面的伤痛使中国迫切希望 在田径项目上取得金牌，刘翔，放弃了110米栏参赛资格。一些中国媒体把刘翔在2004年的胜利当成一种超越，在此之前，黄种人参加田径比赛总是受黑人控制。



Amid great enthusiasm in China for the country’s sporting achievements, there has also been some remarkably frank questioning of the juguo approach. The website of Xinhua, China’s state-run news agency, this week published a commentary by a provincial newspaper which described profligate spending on sporting facilities reserved for the athletic elite as a “waste of the state’s precious financial resources” and “extremely unfair” to the public.
沉浸在祖国取得巨大成就的热情之中的人们，其中也有一些人非常尖锐的质疑祖国为了什么。新华网，中国国立新闻机构，这周发表了一篇地方报纸发表的评论，这家报纸评论认为投入巨大的资金进这些只留给体育精英使用的设施是一种“国家当前财政资源的浪费”和 对公众的“极大的不平等”。


It argued that the General Administration of Sport (the sports ministry) should be scrapped and state funding for professional athletes withdrawn. Government money should go instead to sport in schools and universities. Juguo, it said, “seriously deviated from the Olympic spirit”.
它认为国家体育总局应当消失，国家专项体育资金应当撤销。国家的钱应该进入学校 个大学的 体育运动中来。为了祖国，它认为这“严重违背了奥林匹克精神”
。
China Youth Daily, a newspaper controlled by the Communist Party’s Youth League, published a commentary on its website saying China should learn from America (not something Chinese officials often admit), with its sports clubs and commercial backing for athletes. More and more Chinese athletes are taking commercial sponsorship but they have to share the rewards with the government. Another newspaper lamented that young athletes missed out on a normal childhood.
中国青年报，一家由共 产党团中央控制的报纸，发表一篇评论在它的网站上说中国应该学习美国（有时会中国官员不会赞成），用俱乐部和商业赞助支持体育运动员 。越来越多的中国运动员获得商业赞助费，但是他们必须与政府分享这些利益。另外一家报纸为这些年轻运动员失去正常的童年生活而感到悲哀。

Supporters of juguo argue that without it China might end up like India, which only this year won its first individual gold medal (in air-rifle shooting). But an article on the website of a Shanghai newspaper argued China should give up sporting elitism even if it meant getting fewer medals. “I’m afraid India is already ahead of us in this respect,” wrote this heretic.
“为了祖国”的支持者认为如果没有中国政府体育运动将像印度一样没落，它今年才获得第一枚个人单项金牌（在飞碟射击中）。但是上海报纸的一篇文章却认为中国应当抛弃运动精英观念，即使我们只得了很少的金牌。“我认为印度在这方面已经走到我们的前面了”，这位持有异见的人士说。